Mechanism of ACL Tear

- See: Biomechanical Role:

- Discussion:
    - ACL tears most often occur during football and basketball in younger patients, and occur most often from skiing injuries in
      older patients;
    - substantial anterior tibial shear forces that stress ACL are produced from quadriceps contraction, esp in 0-30 deg of extension;
    - typically, the ACL is torn in a noncontact deceleration situation that produces a valgus twisting injury;
            - this usually occurs when the athlete lands on the leg and quickly pivots in the opposite direction.
    - mechanisms reported as possibly able to disrupt ACL w/ minimal injury to other structures are:
            - hyperextension
            - marked internal rotation of tibia on femur;
            - pure deceleration;